Here we are going to understand and learn about 5G technology. What is 5G? How 5G works? Why we need 5G? and how its changing the data transfer speed between each other. So, we will cover each and every topic about 5G lets go.
What is 5G Technology?
It’s the 5th generation mobile network after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G network 5G comes as a new global wireless standard. Its a new kind of network which can connect everyone virtually and everything together including objects, machines and devices.
It’s designed to deliver higher multi-Gbps data speed, more reliability, very low latency, massive network bandwidth, and uniform user experience with n number of users. The networks high speed performance and improved efficiency attracts new users and industries towards this 5G technology.
How 5G Technology Works?
There are 3 major factors who make 5G technology fast and furious.
- Millimeter Waves
- Massive MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output)
- Beamforming
- Millimeter Waves:- This are basically a high frequency band (above 24 GHz). This high frequency band allow network to carry more data which leads to more speed. This wave have shorter range and they are more susceptible to interference (like rain, buildings, etc.) because of this 5G network need more small cell tower place closer together to maintain coverage.
- Massive MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output):- MIMO technology requires multiple antennas at base station as well as at the device (e.g. Smartphone) to send and receive the data simultaneously. In Massive MIMO there are large number of antennas were installed at base location and at device the antenna number may leads to hundred to thousand. This improve signal quality and data carrying capacity.
- Beamforming:- In this technique signal from transmitter is directly focused at receiver, rather than broadcasting it. This will increase signal strength and quality by reducing inference in signal path.
Where we can use 5G technology effectively.
- Enhance IoT:- 5G technology enhance the connectivity of devices like connected vehicles, smart homes , think smart cities etc.
- URLLC (Ultra-reliable Low-Latency Communications) :- The 5G technology is used in application that require extremely low latency for example remote surgeries, real time-industry control system, Ultra-HD Streaming, virtual reality etc.
- Enhance Mobile Broadband (eMBB):- The 5G technology provide high internet speed which are helpful for application which uses HD video streaming, Virtual Reality (VR) and Argument Reality (AR).
- Fixed Wireless Access:- As 5G offers large internet speed it will replace traditional broadband connections like DSL or cable in home and businesses.
Challenges with 5G Technology
- 5G requires dense network of small cell tower for millimeter-wave frequency, which means we need to build large infrastructure at large scale.
- The higher frequency bands of 5G have short coverage with faster speed and they can be easily blocked by obstacles like rain, building etc. Sub- 6 GHz frequencies are better to transmit signal at long distance but it degrades the signal quality.
- There are also some Health and Environmental related concerns with 5G network. As 5G technology need more number of antennas and small cell towers there is need to build new infrastructure which consumer more land and energy. Also the Radio Frequency (RF) is major factor which raise question mark for health related issue in humans.
Today 5G is being deployed globally in all developing nations South Korea, China and US are leading in 5G deployment. Other countries globally started to develop there infrastructure and spectrum availability.
Over the upcoming years 5G technology will continue to unfold as more devices, application and infrastructure will come online. In future 5G will act as foundation as base technology to build next-generation technologies like 6G. The 5G technology will change the ways we connect, work and live.
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